Swietenia macrophylla King

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) is a tree 5-25 meters tall of the Meliaceae family, native to tropical America, first planted at the Bogor Botanical Gardens in 1872 before being widely cultivated on Java. Its strong wood makes it a favored material for furniture and a popular roadside shade tree, while in Malaysia its seeds are processed into vitamins and natural medicines. Traditionally, mahogany seeds are also believed to lower blood glucose levels and high blood pressure.

Grows well in humid tropical regions up to an elevation of 1,500 m above sea level, annual air temperature of 20-30°C, rainfall of 2,000-4,000 mm/year. Mahogany thrives in brackish sand near the coast, favoring locations with adequate direct sunlight and good drainage with a pH of 6.5-7.5.

• Roots taproot.
• Stem straight, cylindrical without buttress roots, heavily branched, latex-bearing.
• Leaves compound, evenly pinnate, blade ovate.
• Fruit a box-shaped capsule, ovate with five ridges. 
• Seeds flat, black or brown.

• Seedling preparation is propagated through seed.
• Seedling sowing, planted directly in a wider area or plot with a spacing of 2 x 1 cm.
• Planted seeds begin to germinate within 10-20 days. 

Flavonoids (swietemacrophyllanin, catechin, and epicatechin), saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, tetranortriterpenoids, isoflavones, tannins, limonoids. 

Lowers blood glucose levels; treats skin fungal infections, malaria, and external wounds; treats diarrhea, fever, diabetes, hypertension, malaria; relieves wound pain. 

• Take mature mahogany fruit that has seeds inside.
• Wet-sort by separating the seeds from their skin.
• Dry at 50°C, then dry-sort.
• Store in a clean, airtight container.

Mahagoni, Maoni or Moni.