Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) is a tree with an upright trunk up to 20-30 meters tall of the Moraceae family, believed to originate from the Western Ghats, India, now widely distributed across Southeast Asia and Brazil. In Ayurvedic medicine, jackfruit leaves are recommended as a traditional antidiabetic remedy. Jackfruit is also believed to help increase breast milk flow and relieve fever and boils.

Jackfruit trees can grow in lowlands and highlands at elevations of 1,300 m above sea level. However the ideal elevation is 0-800 m above sea level, air temperature around 16-31°C, average rainfall 900-4,000 mm/year. Grows best in deep, well-drained, alluvial, sandy or clay-loam soil with a pH of 6.0-7.5.

• Root a taproot.
• Stem round cylindrical, diameter up to 1 m. The whole plant exudes sap.
• Leaves single, 1-4 cm petiole, elongated round shape, tapering leaf tip, flat leaf edges, pinnate venation.
• Fruit compound, spindle-shaped elongated up to 100 cm. Fruit flesh golden yellow in color when ripe, fragrant smell and sweet taste.
• Seeds elongated round or oblong, somewhat flat. Has 3 skins, namely a soft yellowish outer skin, white and tough middle skin, brown inner skin attached to the seed flesh.

• Cultivation technique with seed and budding.
• Seedling selection from quality seeds, clean then dry for 2 hours, soak in warm water for 2 days. Sow in a polybag.
• Seedlings can be transplanted to the field once they are 60-70 cm tall and the stem diameter is about 1.5 cm.

Saponin, polyphenol, niacin, flavonoid, steroid, phosphorus, phenol, pectin, tannin, morusin, artonin E, cycloartobiloxanthone, artonol B, triterpenic, betulinic acid, sapogenin, β-sitosterol, ursolic acid, artocarpesin, cycloartocarpin.

Treats fever, cough, boils, wounds, sores, prevents cancer, increases breast milk flow, ulcers, diarrhea, stomach ache, asthma, fever, lowers blood sugar.

• Clean jackfruit leaves of dirt and wash with running water then drain.
• Dry the leaves with an oven at 50ºC or air-dry in the shade.
• Store the dried simplisia in a clean, airtight container.

Malasa (Lampung), Nongko (Java), Langge (Gorontalo), Anane (Ambon), Lumasa, Nanal, Krour (Irian Jaya).