Toona sinensis (Juss.) M.Roem.

Kayu ingul (Toona sinensis) is a tree up to 40 meters tall of the Meliaceae family, native to Southeast Asia, distributed from Korea to Bhutan and Indonesia. Its distinctive garlic-and-pepper aroma makes its young shoots popular as a vegetable in China. Kayu ingul also holds high economic value as furniture material, besides being believed to have antitumor and antidiabetic properties.

Grows in primary and secondary mountain forests, and sometimes in areas near rivers, at elevations of 100-2,900 m above sea level. Prefers places with direct sunlight, though young plants need shade. Grows well on limestone soil, but prefers clay soil.

• Stem bark gray to dark brown in color, inner part pink to red and fibrous.
• Leaves compound with 8-20 pairs of leaflets, lance-shaped, and serrated edges.
• Flowers have white or pink petals.
• Fruit a capsule, 2-3.5 cm long, consisting of several chambers containing seeds.

• Propagated generatively (seed) and vegetatively (cuttings and grafting).
• Seed germination is faster under shade. Germination duration 8-15 days.

Terpenoid, phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, cedrellin, coumarin, phytosterol, tannin, phenol, alkaloid, hollongdione, triterpene, anthraquinone, gallic acid, gallotannins, ursolic acid, betulonic acid, toonins A, proceranone, ocotillone, shoreic acid

Has antitumor, antioxidant, antidiabetic activity, cleanses the skin, reduces stomach gas, fever reducer, prevents eye damage, diarrhea, improves sperm quality, vaginal discharge

• Prepare kayu ingul leaves. After that wash with running water, drain.
• Chop the material then dry in an oven at 50°C for 7 days until moisture content reaches 10%.
• The dried simplisia material is stored in an airtight container/plastic bag at room temperature.

Ingul batu (Karo), Surian (Kalimantan), Suren sabrang (Java), Kayu nito, Kayu rimau (South Sumatra), Molopaga (Sulawesi), Suren merah.